The ENVSEC Initiative was established in order to address the increasing risk of conflicts originating from, for example, environmental degradation, inequitable access to natural resources, and the transboundary movement of hazardous materials. The activities of the ENVSEC Initiative are mainly focused on strengthening cooperation between and within countries that are vulnerable to environmental damage and competition for natural resources, contributing to a reduction in cross-border risks arising from hazardous substances and pollution; supporting improved urban development and adaptation to climate change; as well as fostering the empowerment of civil society to address environment and security risks.